Device for operating internal-combustion engines with an ignition chamber



March 11, 1930. E. HERKT 1,750,403

DEVICE FOR OPERATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH AN IG ION CHAMBER Filed Aug. 1925 K Z W,

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Fatented Mar. 11, 1Q30 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE I ERNST HERKT, OF KIEL, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO FRIED. KR'UPP GERMANIAWEBFT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, OF KIEL-GAARDEN, GERMANY DEVICE FOR OPERATING INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH AN IGNITION CHAMBER Application filed August 28, 1925, Serial No. 53,158, and in Germany October 27, 1924.

.This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the kind comprlsmg an 1gn1t-1on chamber which 1s'1n constant communication with the cylinder and in which is produced an auxiliary explosion by which the fuel is blown into the cylinder.

In engines of this kind, the channel of communication between the ignition cham the fuel is efficiently injected up to the end. These two contradictory requirements cannot be satisfactorily fulfilled by onesingle channel of communication.

According to the invention, the communication between the ignition chamber and the cylinder is therefore established by two channels one of which is constantly ope-n, while the other has mounted in it a check valve adapted to open toward the chamber.

Three embodiments of the subject-matter of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which: Figs. 1-3 show each a longitudinal section through the igni tion chamber with the communication channels, and

Fig. 4 is a section along Fig. 3.

The embodiment according toFig. 1 will be described first.

Fitted into the cylinder cover A is an inserted body member B which has screwed into it the ignition chamber 0 proper. The inserted member B contains two bores b and b. A lateral bore 6 to which is connected the fuel feed pipe (not shown), opens into the bore 6 which is smooth through-out. The other bore 6 is enlarged at its upper end and arranged in this enlargement is a ball check valve D which may open upwards while it checks the bore downwards. Cooling water the line 44 of circulates through the spaces 6* of the inserted body member.

The operation of this device is as follows:

During the compression stroke of the engine the air flows from the cylinder through the channel 6 and throughthe channel 12 the valve D of which is lifted, into the igni tion chamber C. During the last stage of this flow of the air a little fuel is introduced through the bore 22 into the channel 6 and the air carries the fuel along with it into the chamber C where it ignites and produces a rise of pressure. Owing to this rise of pressure the valve D is pressed onto its seat and thus the channel 6 closed. Therefore the 5 gases of combustion can only flow back to the cylinder through the comparatively small open channel N; on this path, they carry along with them the'working fuel which is admitted through. the bore 6 and atomize from the chamber the section of passage is suddenly reduced so that a strong action of atomization is attained and, besides, the pressure is in ignition chamber maintained on the requisite height during the whole process of injection.

The use of two channels, moreover, offers the special advantage of rendering it possible to attain a good whirling-up and atomization of fuel. in the chamber by suitably arrangin and directing the two air currents with relation to each other. Three different possibilities for the purpose are illustrated in the drawing.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 1, the two channels and b are arranged on both sides of the axis of the ignition chamber. The air leaving the channel b meets with the mixture of fuel and air introduced through the channel 6 at the upper hemispherical wall portion of the ignition chamber, whereby the fuel is atomized and a good ignitible and combustible mixture formed.

According to Fig. 2 the arrangement is so that the channel b 'has connected to it a bypass conduit E which opens into the ignition chamber C at the center of its top so that it is opposed to the channel I) lying centrally in the bottom. The air entering from above therefore flows toward the fuel introduced from below, whereby the jet is broken up and a uniform distribution of the fuel produced.

The current of air flowing out of the bore 6 may also be used for setting up a whirling movement of the contents of the ignition chamber by introducing it tangentially into the ignition chamber. Such an embodiment, which is more particularly adapted for use in connection with so-called spray ignition channels, is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. With this embodiment the channel 6 branches into a plurality of individual channels f which are united in the spray member F. The bore 7, serving as a continuation of the channel 6 is directed obliquely so that the air current flowing out of it will describe in the chamber a helical path and thereby efficiently whirl and atomize the several fuel rays ejected by the spray.

Instead of one additional channel 6 there may, of course, also be arranged two or more of such additional channels with check valves.

Claims:

1. In combination with an internal combustion engine of the character described, comprising a cylinder and an ignition chamber on said cylinder, a constantly open ignition channel and an air channel between the ignition chamber and the cylinder, a fuel supply duct terminating in said ignition channel and a freely movable check valve in the air channel adapted to open toward the ignition chamber.

2. In combination with an internal combustion engine comprising, a cylinder and an ignition chamber on said cylinder, a constantly open ignition channel and an air channel between the ignition chamber and the cylinder, the arrangement being such that the flows entering said chamber from said two channels will meet and thereby become mixed, a fuel supply duct terminating in said ignition channel, and a check valve in the air channel adapted to open toward the ignition chamber.

3. In combination with an internal combustion engine comprising, a cylinder and an ignition chamber on said cylinder, a constant ly open ignition channel and an air channel between the ignition chamber and the cylinder, said channels being adapted to direct the flows passing through them into said chamber in such a manner as to cause them to mix, a fuel supply duct terminating in said ignition channel, and a check valve in the air channel adapted to open toward the ignition chamber.

4. In combination with an internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder and an ignition chamber on said cylinder, a constant- 1y open ignition channel and an air channel between the ignition chamber and the cylinder, a check valve in the air channel, the ignition channel extending toward the ignition chamber into a spray, and the air channel opening into the ignition chamber obliquely so as to cause the air current passing through the air channel to pass through the fuel spray in the ignition chamber along a helical path.

The foregoing specification signed at Hamburg, Germany, this 25th day of July, 1925. ERNST HERKT. 

